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Use of English
Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase marked A, B, C or D for each numbered blank.
In recent times there have been several gold rushes. people heard stories of finding large_1_ of gold lying on the_2_. _3_ they heard could_4_ a fortune just by _5_ a little. Then all kinds of people rushed to the _6_ of the latest gold discovery.
The California gold rush _7_ in 1849 brought hundreds of people into a wild, unknown area with very _8_ government control. Most of them were very _9_ and looking for adventure as well as riches. The gold rush on the Fraser River in British Columbia was different. The miners needed a _10_ from the Canadian government and were not _11_ to more around the area to look for gold.
There were other gold rushes in Canada, the United States, Australia and New Zealand. In 1886 gold was discovered in South Africa. However, the _12_ was different there. The miners needed complicated _13_ to take gold from the ground and separate it _14_ the other minerals. only large companies had the money to _15_ this. _16_ this reason, a few large mining companies _17_ the gold production in South Africa today.
Gold lasts _18_. For centuries people have made gold coins and jewelry, later _19_ them into a liquid, and used the gold again. If you have some gold jewelry, it is possible that this same gold was a piece of jewelry for _20_ who lived thousands of years ago. And thousands of years from now, someone else may be wearing this same gold in another form.
1. A. bar B. sheets C. pieces D. quantity
2. A. earth B. soil C. ground D. field
3. A. otherwise B. or C. yet D. then
4. A. seek B. push C. earn D. take
5. A. drawing B. digging C. searching D. exploiting
6. A. condition B. location C. situation D. scene
7. A. setting B. dating C. originating D. starting
8. A. little B. strong C. few D. strict
9. A. dependent B. isolating C. confident D. independent
10. A. order B. promise C. approval D. license
11. A. freed B. free C. promised D. liberal
12. A. rush B. circumstance C. situation D. discovery
13. A. machinery B. machine C. mechanism D. engine
14. A. from B. out C. of D. off
15. A. buy B. do C. have D. make
16. A. at B. for C. with D. in
17. A. control B. limit C. promote D. run
18. A. finally B. lately C. forever D. eventually
19. A. melted B. formed C. combined D. made
20. A. someone B. anyone C. anybody D. nobody
解析：
1.C. 人们听说了能在地面上发现大块金子的事情。bar一条; sheet 薄片; piece一块; quantity数量.
2. C. on the ground在地面上;earth泥土，地球;soil 土壤;field田地，领域。
3. B. 或者他们也听说，只要稍稍挖掘，就能获得财富。这里是接着上面的一句话，意思是“人们听说…或者听说…”
4. C. 这里要表达“获得财富”只有earn the fortune的搭配是最适合的。
5. B. 这里需要一个动词，表示“挖掘”，其他的几个词搭配均不合适。
6. B. 许多人涌向发现金子的地方。这里人们蜂拥而至的是地点，或者说是位置。而不是条件，形式或场面。
7. D. 这句话的意思是：1849年开始的加利福尼亚的淘金热把成千上万的人带到了一个广阔的不为人所知的地区，这个地区很少受到政府的控制。这里是现在分词短语作 gold rush的定语，表示“1849年开始的”。Setting安置安装;dating约会，定日期;originating起源，创办。
8. A. 此句说这个地区是广阔的，不为人所知的，所以可以猜测出，这个地区很少受到政府控制。结合文章的后面即可得出正确的判断。
9. D. 这句话的意思是：他们中的大多数都很独立，寻求冒险，也在寻找宝藏。
10. D. 这句话的意思是：这里的采矿需要得到加拿大政府的执照。
11. B. 这句话的和前面的意思是相同的，既然需要得到政府的执照，则说明开矿受到一定的限制，可以判断：开矿者不能随意选择地点去开采金矿。Be free to可以随意作某事，相当于be allowed to do.
12. C. 这句话的意思是: 1886年，南非发现了金矿。然而那里的情况是完全不同的。circumstance情况，但是通常用复数形式。
13. A. 这句话的意思是: 开矿者需要复杂的机器，把金矿从地面下挖出来。这里的复杂的机器侧重于“开挖的复杂手段和方法”。
14. A. 这句话的意思是: 把金子从其他矿物里分离出来。Separate…from…:把…从…分离出来.
15. B. 这句话的意思是: 这样大公司才有钱去做这件事。这里所填的动词要包含的意思就是运用复杂机器手段发掘并分离金矿。只有do可以表达这一意思。
16. A. 这句话的意思是: 目前南非的黄金生产是被几家大的开采公司所控制。For this reason表示“由于这一原因”.
17. A. 这里讲的是，由于资金的原因，黄金生产被几家大的开采公司所垄断。
18. C. 黄金可以永远保存。
19. A. 这句话的意思是: 几个世纪以来，人们用金子铸造钱币和珠宝，然后再把它们熔化成液体再重复使用。melt…into…: 把…熔成…
20. A. 这句话的意思是: 如果你有一些黄金珠宝，那么很有可能你的这块黄金属于几千年前的某个人。文章的最后一句的意思是：几千年后，某个人可能以另外一种形式戴着这块黄金。